The behavioral interventions were not the same for every individual, but included components such as: All were referred specifically for pica, except one who was treated for pica after treatment for aggression. The study looked at the records for 11 children (average age 10.8), all but one with autism spectrum disorder, treated in an outpatient program. So we decided to look at every kid that came through the door for the last 12 years." "It shows what's possible, but there may have been instances of publication bias. "The existing literature on pica treatment is mostly case studies of a few kids at a time," says lead author Nathan Call, PhD, director of Severe Behavior Programs at Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and assistant professor of pediatrics at Emory University School of Medicine. The objects consumed can include household items such as toys or coins, or natural materials such as woodchips or dirt. Interrupting pica may require constant vigilance from caregivers. Pica anemia dirt-eating lead poisoning malnutrition mental retardation.The findings are published in the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders.Ī subset of children with developmental and intellectual disabilities display pica, which can lead to life-threatening medical complications. Primary care physicians should be aware of pica and proactively seek information about pica in patients that belong to the high-risk groups. The underlying cause and complications should be treated if possible. Pica is often an overlooked phenomenon and its association with iron deficiency and lead poisoning has been known for centuries. Complications such as gastrointestinal obstruction and lead poisoning should be promptly recognized and treated. Children with iron deficiency anemia should be treated with iron replacement therapy. While relief of family economic and housing difficulties is an adjunct, attention to the individual's emotional needs and stresses is of paramount importance. Pica generally resolves in children of normal intelligence after they have been trained to discriminate between edible and inedible items and proper supervision is provided. Pica is a significant cause of anemia and lead poisoning. The condition is more common among children in lower socioeconomic classes and those who are mentally handicapped or emotionally deprived. Pica refers to the persistent, compulsive craving for and the ingestion of substances usually considered inedible and the behavior is discordant with cultural practices and continues beyond the normal developmental phase of occasional indiscriminate and experimental mouthing and swallowing over a period of at least one month. The information retrieved from the above search was used in the compilation of the present article. Only papers published in English literature were included in this review. The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews. To familiarize physicians with the clinical evaluation and management of children with pica.Ī PubMed search was completed in Clinical Queries using the key term "pica" OR "dirteating". Pica is a common condition in childhood that is commonly missed.
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